S. Amsterdam¶

At a Glance


Antigenic Formula	`3,{10}{15}{15,34}:g,m,s:`
Serogroup	O:3,10 (E1)
NCBI Pathogen Detection	View isolates

Background Information¶

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Amsterdam (antigenic formula 3,{10}{15}{15,34}:g,m,s:–) is a serovar of the O:3,10 (E₁) serogroup.

Genetic Characteristics¶

A total of 63 serovar Amsterdam isolates have been retrieved in meat-type ducks raised in a Thailand farm by Assawatheptawee et al. All these isolates were positive for the virulence genes sipB, prgH, spaN, orgA, spiA, pagC, msgA, sitC, invA, and sopB, but negative for pefA and spvB. The sifA gene was also absent. In a another study, Salmonella Amsterdam isolated from beef in Greater Tunis (n=2) has been found to possess the invasion gene invA, but none the spvC virulence gene. These two isolates were also found to show multidrug-resistance.

Animal Reservoir¶

Unknown, but serovar Amsterdam was found in rats, cobras (Naja kaouthia), and ducks. According to the metadata from NCBI PD, it was also found in pigs and cattle.

Geographical Distribution¶

Serovar Amsterdam has been reported primarily in European countries such as the Netherlands, Norway, and Sweden. According to the metadata from NCBI PD, it has also been found occasionally in North America (US and Canada), Asia (Philippines and Thailand), and Australia.

Human/Animal Outbreaks¶

Year	Location	Associated source	Number of cases
2019-2021	Europe: multi-country	Sesame-based products originating from Syria¹	121

¹ Six different serotypes including Salmonella Amsterdam, Salmonella Havana, Salmonella Mbandaka, Salmonella Kintambo, Salmonella Orion and Salmonella Senftenberg were associated with the outbreak. The case number represents the total number of cases associated with the outbreak and does not specifically indicate the number of people infected by Salmonella Amsterdam. Salmonella Amsterdam outbreak strain belongs to ST590.

Border Rejections¶

Year	Exporting country	Importing country	Associated source	Product category
2023	Norway	Syria	Halva	Confectionery

Recalls¶

Year	Location	Recalled food	Type
2022	Germany	Halva with pistachios from Syria	Confectionery
2020	Poland	Sesame seeds from India, packed in Poland¹	Nuts, nut products and seeds

¹ Salmonella Amsterdam and Salmonella Livingstone were found.