S. Kottbus¶

At a Glance


Antigenic Formula	`6,8:e,h:1,5`
Serogroup	O:8 (C2-C3)
NCBI Pathogen Detection	View isolates

Background Information¶

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Kottbus (antigenic formula 6,8:e,h:1,5) is a serovar of the O:8 (C₂-C₃) serogroup. Across Europe, it is one of the 10 predominant serovars found in turkey. More specifically, according to the 2006–2007 European baseline survey on Salmonella in turkey flocks, serovar Kottbus was among the top five serovars in fattening flocks (8.3%) and the second most prevalent in breeding flocks (15.6%).

Genetic Characteristics¶

Serovar Kottbus has been found to be polyphyletic with four lineages identified and two stand-alone singletons that do not cluster with any other Salmonella Kottbus isolates. In Denmark, serovar Kottbus carrying blaNDM-1 on a 43 kb IncN2 plasmid was first isolated in an 82-year-old man with end-stage lung cancer. By analyzing 95 serovar Kottbus isolates obtained in Germany from different sources during the years 2000 to 2011, Toboldt et al. identified three lineages. The majority of human isolates clustered in lineage 1, represented by ST212 and ST808. Lineage 2, characterized by ST582, contained human isolates along with a substantial proportion from poultry and poultry products, and to a lesser degree, other livestock. The third lineage (ST1669) comprised four isolates from both reptilian and human sources. Resistance to nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin was predominantly found in lineage 2, which contained a higher proportion of resistant isolates than either lineage 1 or 3.

Animal Reservoir¶

Poultry including chicken and turkeymay be potential reservoirs for serovar Kottbus.

Geographical Distribution¶

Serovar Kottbus has been found reported worldwide occasionally.

Human/Animal Outbreaks¶

Year	Location	Associated source	Number of cases
2017	Germany	Quail eggs, smoked ham	69
2006	Spain	Bottled water	46
2001	US	Alfalfa sprouts	23
1987	Italy	Horse bresaola	14
1977	US	Human milk	7

Border Rejections¶

Multiple border rejections linked to chicken products imported from Poland into Bulgaria have been reported. Here are some examples.

Year	Exporting country	Importing country	Associated source	Product category
2021	Hungary	Italy	Frozen duck fillets	Poultry meat and poultry meat products
2020	Poland	Bulgaria	Chicken leg quarters	Poultry meat and poultry meat products
2020	Poland	Bulgaria	Frozen chicken leg¹	Poultry meat and poultry meat products

¹ Salmonella Enteritidis and Kottbus were found.

Recalls¶

Year	Location	Recalled product	Type
2024	Finland	Lamb ears¹	Pet food

¹ Salmonella Kottbus, Mishmarmaek and Abony were found in lamb ears (dog chew) from Turkey via Denmark.